PharmaNotes Pro · Veer Narmad South Gujarat University · Surat · Past theory papers
VNSGU MD Pharmacology Question Papers, 2016–2025
This page lists all 192 VNSGU MD Pharmacology theory questions in the PharmaNotes Pro question index: 8 exam sessions between 2016 and 2025. They are grouped by topic, newest first, and 79 of them link to the PharmaNotes Pro chapter on their topic.
The chapter library files some questions under more than one textbook chapter, so it lists these 192 questions 208 times; each appears once here.
Questions are reproduced from VNSGU MD Pharmacology theory papers. Answers are PharmaNotes Pro chapters written from the standard textbooks, not official university answers.
VNSGU · Most repeated
The 10 most-repeated VNSGU topics
Ranked by the number of the 8 sessions with at least one question on the topic. Only topics with a PharmaNotes Pro chapter are ranked. Past repetition describes these papers; it does not predict the next exam.
- Autonomic Neurotransmission
- Newer Oral Antidiabetics & SGLT2 Inhibitors
- Student t-Test in Biostatistics
- Receptor Concept & Drug-Receptor Interaction
- General Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy
- Newer Antibacterial Agents
- P-drugs & Rational Prescribing
- Drug Schedules under the Drugs & Cosmetics Act
- Drug Repurposing
- Gene Therapy
VNSGU · Every question
All 192 questions, by topic
Topics follow textbook order. A heading that links opens the PharmaNotes Pro chapter for that topic; questions not yet assigned to a chapter are listed under the textbook chapter they are filed in.
Drug Repurposing
- Jan 2025Newer uses of older drugs.
- May 2017New uses of old drugs.
Gene Therapy
- Jan 2025Regenerative therapy.
- Mar 2019Stem cell therapy.
Essential Medicines & Rational Drug Use
- Mar 2019Rational use of medicines.
Novel Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS)
- Apr 2022Carrier-based drug delivery.
Reverse Pharmacology
- Jun 2023Ethnopharmacology.
Structure-Activity Relationship & Computer-Aided Drug Design
- Jan 2025AI (artificial intelligence) in pharmacology.
Drug Discovery: From Medicinal Plants to Computer-Aided Drug Design
- Sep 2025Reverse pharmacology.
- Jan 2025Structure-activity relationship of sympathomimetics.
- Mar 2019Chronic toxicity studies.
- Apr 2016Drug delivery systems.
- Apr 2016Nanomedicine and its future.
- Apr 2016Structure-activity relationship (SAR) of glucocorticoids.
Chronopharmacology & Chronotherapeutics
- May 2017Chronopharmacology.
- Apr 2016Chronopharmacology.
Pharmacokinetics: ADME
- Jun 2023Kinetics of elimination.
- Jun 2021Saturation kinetics.
Pharmacokinetics: ADME
- Sep 2025Different pathways involved in drug metabolism along with the factors that influence them.
- Jan 2025Drug-drug interaction.
- Jan 2025Importance of therapeutic drug monitoring.
- Jan 2025Problems faced by the elderly in relation to drug administration.
- Jun 2023Digoxin: mechanism of action, ADRs and therapeutic status.
- Jun 2023Phenytoin sodium.
- Apr 2022Bioequivalence and its importance in therapy.
- Apr 2022Drug therapy in geriatrics.
- Jun 2021Enterohepatic circulation.
- Mar 2019Describe the clinical significance of pharmacokinetic properties of drugs in geriatric and pediatric age groups with suitable examples.
- May 2017Discuss critically various pharmacokinetic parameters giving suitable examples and clinical importance.
- Apr 2016Understanding and application of various pharmacokinetic principles.
Receptor Concept & Drug-Receptor Interaction
- Sep 2025Discuss different types of ion channels and explain their role as drug targets.
- Jun 2023G-protein coupled receptors.
- Jun 2021Explain in detail various mechanisms by which drugs produce their action, giving suitable examples.
- Apr 2016G-protein coupled receptors.
Drug Interactions
- Mar 2019Drug-food interactions.
Pharmacodynamics: Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Action
- Jan 2025Discuss the role of G-protein coupled receptors in pharmacology.
- May 2017Drug antagonism and its clinical implementation.
Drug Metabolism
- Apr 2022Microdosing studies.
- Jun 2021Microdosing.
Pharmacogenomics & Personalized Medicine
- Jun 2023Pharmacogenetics.
- Jun 2021Pharmacogenomics.
Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
- Sep 2025Therapeutics in relation to precision medicine.
Drug Schedules under the Drugs & Cosmetics Act
- Sep 2025Discuss the laws pertaining to pharmacology.
- Apr 2022Laws and rules related to drugs.
Pharmacoepidemiology
- Jun 2021Study designs.
- May 2017Therapeutic audit.
Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions
- Mar 2019Photosensitivity.
Pharmacovigilance
- Jun 2023Pharmacovigilance in India.
Postmarketing Drug Safety
- Sep 2025Medication errors.
- Mar 2019Counterfeit drugs.
- Mar 2019Over the counter (OTC) drugs: its use and misuse.
- Mar 2019Phase 4 clinical trials (post-marketing surveillance).
Autonomic Neurotransmission
- Sep 2025Steps in transmission at the cholinergic synapse.
- Jan 2025Experiment of Otto Loewi.
- Jun 2023Otto Loewi.
- Apr 2022Sir Henry Dale.
- May 2017Sir Henry Dale.
Neurotransmission: ANS and Somatic Motor Nervous Systems
- Sep 2025Drug therapy in pregnancy-induced hypertension.
- May 2017Drugs used in medical termination of pregnancy (MTP).
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
- Jan 2025Botulinum toxin as a drug.
- Jun 2023Botulinum toxin: boon or bane?
Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists
- Sep 2025Correlation between chemical structure and pharmacological activity of beta-blockers.
- Jun 2023Discuss in detail modulators of beta-adrenergic receptors.
- Apr 2022Explain the mechanism of action of drugs modulating the neurotransmission of noradrenaline, with appropriate diagrams.
- Apr 2016Describe in detail adrenergic receptors with their clinical importance.
Pharmacotherapy of Psychosis and Mania
- Apr 2022Pharmacotherapy for schizophrenia.
- Mar 2019Current drug treatment of bipolar disorder.
- May 2017Atypical antipsychotics.
- Apr 2016Newer antipsychotics.
GABA Modulators in Epilepsy
- Jan 2025Mechanism of action of anti-epileptic agents.
Newer Antiepileptic Drugs & GABA Modulators
- May 2017Newer anti-epileptic agents.
Pharmacotherapy of the Epilepsies
- Jan 2025Newer antiepileptic agents.
Antiparkinsonian Drugs
- Mar 2019MAO-B inhibitors.
CNS Degenerative Disorders
- Apr 2022Alzheimer's disease — current and future drug therapy.
Hypnotics and Sedatives
- Sep 2025Explain various animal models, techniques and instruments used for evaluation of sedative and hypnotic drugs.
- Apr 2016Sedatives and hypnotics.
Pharmacology of Endorphins and Enkephalins
- Mar 2019Endogenous opioid peptides.
General Anaesthetics
- Apr 2016Preanaesthetic medications.
Cannabinoids
- Sep 2025Therapeutic potential of cannabinoids.
Cannabinoids
- Jun 2023Competency-based medical education.
Drug Use Disorders and Addiction
- Jan 2025Drug addiction.
- Mar 2019Drug addiction and de-addiction.
High-Ceiling (Loop) Diuretics
- May 2017Physiology of urine formation and drugs affecting it.
Treatment of Hypertension
- Jan 2025Evolution of the treatment of hypertension from the past to the present.
- Apr 2022Pharmacological management in hypertensive crisis.
Therapy of Heart Failure
- Sep 2025Pharmacological basis including current recommendations for therapeutics in heart failure.
- Apr 2022Explain in detail the pathophysiology and therapeutic basis of drugs used in the management of congestive heart failure (CHF).
Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
- Sep 2025Nitric oxide donors and inhibitors.
- Jun 2021Endothelin receptor agonists and antagonists.
Oral Anticoagulants — NOACs, Antiplatelets & Fibrinolytics
- May 2017Tissue plasminogen activators.
- Apr 2016Newer anticoagulants.
Blood Coagulation: Anticoagulant, Fibrinolytic, Antiplatelet
- Jun 2023Fibrinolytics in therapeutics.
Drug Therapy for Dyslipidemias
- Apr 2022Use of statins for new therapeutic targets (strategy).
- May 2017Current perspectives in lipid lowering strategies.
Immunosuppressants, Immunomodulation, and Tolerance
- Jun 2023DMARDs (disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs).
- Mar 2019Pharmacotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis.
Vaccines & Immunoglobulins
- Jun 2023Emerging trends in vaccination.
Immune Globulins and Vaccines
- Mar 2019Cancer vaccines.
Lipid-Derived Autacoids: Eicosanoids and PAF
- Apr 2016Pathophysiology and pharmacological aspects of prostaglandins.
Inflammation, Fever, Pain, and Gout
- Apr 2022Mechanism of action and uses of aspirin.
- Jun 2021Drugs used in gout.
Histamine, Bradykinin, and Their Antagonists
- Apr 2022H1 receptor blockers.
Pulmonary Pharmacology
- Jan 2025Management of moderate asthma.
- Jun 2023Novel drugs in the treatment of bronchial asthma.
- May 2017An overview of clinical uses of phosphodiesterase inhibitors.
Haematopoietic Growth Factors & Agents
- Mar 2019Erythropoietin.
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
- May 2017GnRH analogues.
Estrogens, Progestins, Female Reproductive Tract
- Jan 2025Raloxifene.
Pharmacotherapy of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
- Apr 2022Pharmacotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Androgens and Male Reproductive Tract
- Sep 2025Antiandrogens.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Adrenal Steroids, Adrenal Cortex
- Jan 2025Uses of glucocorticoids can be misuses as well.
- Jun 2023Glucocorticoids: uses and misuses.
- Jun 2021Non-endocrine uses of corticosteroids.
Newer Oral Antidiabetics & SGLT2 Inhibitors
- Sep 2025Therapeutics in the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus with emphasis on recent evolving trends.
- Jan 2025Recent advancement in drug therapy for diabetes mellitus.
- Jun 2023Newer developments in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
- Jun 2021Discuss recent advances in drug therapy of diabetes mellitus.
- Apr 2016Describe critically the recent understanding of the pathophysiology and pharmacology of diabetes mellitus.
Endocrine Pancreas: Diabetes Mellitus
- Apr 2022Drugs for obesity.
- Apr 2022Newer developments in insulin therapy.
- Mar 2019Describe the molecular mechanism of insulin action and new forms of insulin therapy.
Mineral Ion Homeostasis and Bone Turnover
- Apr 2016Recent advances in uses of vitamin D.
Gastric Acidity, PUD, GERD
- Sep 2025Role of potassium channel modulators in the management of peptic ulcer.
GI Motility, Emesis, Biliary, Pancreatic
- Apr 2022Principles of treatment of IBD (irritable bowel syndrome).
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Jun 2021Drugs used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
General Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy
- Jun 2023'AWaRe' antibiotic guideline.
- Jun 2021Nosocomial infections.
- May 2017Contribution of scientists in the history of antimicrobial agents.
Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance
- Apr 2016Mechanism of action of antimicrobials and drug resistance.
Rationale for Antimicrobial Combinations
- Apr 2016Antimicrobial drug combinations.
General Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy
- Jan 2025Antimicrobial stewardship.
- May 2017Rational chemoprophylaxis.
DNA Disruptors: Sulfonamides, Quinolones, Nitroimidazoles
- Jun 2023Classify fluoroquinolones. Describe their mechanism of action, clinical uses and ADRs in detail.
Penicillins and Cell-Wall-Synthesis Inhibitors
- Sep 2025Alexander Fleming.
Newer Antibacterial Agents
- Mar 2019Pharmacotherapy of Staphylococcus aureus infection.
- May 2017Discuss in detail recent advances in the treatment of staphylococcal infections.
- Apr 2016Drug treatment for MRSA (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus).
Antiviral Agents (Nonretroviral)
- Apr 2022Pharmacotherapy of Covid-19 infection.
Antiretroviral Agents and HIV Treatment
- Sep 2025Evolution of anti-retroviral therapeutics.
- Jun 2023Antiretroviral therapy.
- Jun 2021Protease inhibitors.
- May 2017Discuss in detail drugs used in the treatment of HIV infections and add a note on HAART.
- Apr 2016HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy).
Tuberculosis and NTM, Leprosy
- Sep 2025Discuss in detail how to tackle tuberculosis as a national burden.
- Jun 2021Treatment of MDR tuberculosis.
- Apr 2016Drug treatment of MDR tuberculosis.
Chemotherapy of Malaria
- Sep 2025Plasmodium vivax — trending treatment patterns.
- Jun 2021Discuss in detail the pharmacology, clinical status and limitations of both old and new drugs used in the treatment of malaria.
Protein Kinase Inhibitors and Pathway-Targeted Small Molecules
- Mar 2019Targeted cancer therapies.
Antibodies, CAR T Cells, Proteins for Cancer
- Apr 2022Describe monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents.
- May 2017Monoclonal antibodies.
Ocular Pharmacology
- Jan 2025Drugs used in the management of glaucoma.
- Mar 2019Describe recent advances in the management of glaucoma.
- May 2017Autonomic drugs in ophthalmic practice.
Student t-Test in Biostatistics
- Sep 2025Student's t test.
- Jan 2025Student t-test.
- Jun 2023Student's 't' test.
- Apr 2022Student's t test.
- Apr 2016Student "t" test.
P-drugs & Rational Prescribing
- Jun 2023Principles of therapeutics.
- Apr 2016Generic prescribing.
- Apr 2016Rational prescribing.
New Drugs & Clinical Trials Rules, 2019
- Jan 2025Role of principal investigator in a clinical trial.
- Jun 2021Write in detail about essential documents required for conducting a clinical trial.
Non-parametric Tests
- Jun 2021Non-parametric tests of significance.
- Mar 2019Non-parametric tests.
Screening Methods for Anti-inflammatory & Analgesic Drugs
- Jan 2025Describe various animal models, techniques and instruments used for evaluation of analgesic agents.
- Jun 2021Describe various animal models/techniques/instruments used for evaluation of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Blinding, Randomization & Allocation Concealment in Clinical Trials
- May 2017Randomized controlled trial.
Geriatric Pharmacology
- Jun 2021Issues and challenges faced while prescribing for geriatric population.
Laboratory Animals in Pharmacology
- Jun 2021CPCSEA guidelines.
New Drug Development & Approval Process
- May 2017Drug regulatory authorities.
P-value and Statistical Significance
- Mar 2019Null hypothesis.
Pediatric Pharmacology
- Sep 2025Challenges in paediatric pharmacology.
Screening of Antidepressant Drugs
- Apr 2022Discuss evaluation methods of anti-depressant agents.
Miscellaneous
- Sep 2025Role of "informed consent" in Good Clinical Practice.
- Sep 2025Toxins as therapeutic agents.
- Jan 2025Discuss the molecular basis of recent updates in the field of pharmacology.
- Jun 2023Describe experimental models for anti-inflammatory agents screening.
- Jun 2023Four-point assay.
- Apr 2022Define bioassay and describe various types of bioassay.
- Apr 2022Randomization.
- Jun 2021Bioassay in experimental animals.
- Jun 2021Confidence interval.
- Jun 2021Role of placebo.
- Jun 2021Sample size determination.
- Mar 2019Bioassay: importance and limitations.
- Mar 2019Enumerate and describe the various experimental methods for the evaluation of anti-fertility drugs for females.
- May 2017Critically discuss the experimental methods to evaluate anti-inflammatory agents and highlight the clinical aspects of these agents.
- May 2017Regression analysis.
- Apr 2016Describe in detail preclinical testing and screening of a new antihypertensive agent.
- Apr 2016Ethical aspects in clinical trial and Institutional Ethics Committees (IECs).
Questions
Frequently asked
Where do these VNSGU questions come from?
They are reproduced from VNSGU MD Pharmacology theory papers: 192 questions from 8 exam sessions between 2016 and 2025, collected in the PharmaNotes Pro question index.
Are answers included?
Each topic links to its PharmaNotes Pro chapter; the introduction is free to read, full answers are for subscribers at ₹199/month or ₹1,999/year. The chapters are written from the standard textbooks; they are not official university answers.
How are the questions arranged?
By topic, newest first within each topic. Each question shows the exam session it was asked in; the papers in the index do not record paper or question numbers.
Read the answers
Answers in PharmaNotes Pro
Each topic links to its PharmaNotes Pro chapter; the introduction is free to read, full answers are for subscribers at ₹199/month or ₹1,999/year.
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